Improvement in cigarette-machines



4 Sheets-Shet '1 G. H HAYDEN Cigarette-Machine. No. 211,509. Patented Jan. 21,1879.

WITNESSES: 7 mvmron: 6%) j BY i W ATTORNEYS.

NSPETERS, FNOTO-LITHOGRAPMER. WABNXNGTON, D C.

' v 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. G. H. HAYDEN. I Cigarette-Machine.

Patented Jan. 21,1879.

ATTORNEYS.

N-PETERS, PHOTO-LITHQGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D O. v

UNIT STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. HAYDEN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT 'IN CIGARETTE-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 21 1,509, dated January 21, 1879; application filed June 15, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HENRY HAY- DEN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of .Mas'sachusetts, have invented new.

and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Cigarettes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to. an apparatus in which the paper tube is formed, the tobacco packed therein, the ends of the tube turned down, and the cigarette completely finished by one passage through the machine.

The invention will first be described in connection with the drawings, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front view of a machine constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a view of one side of the machine. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken in the line m 00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a top view of the machine. Fig; 5 is a horizontal section taken in the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The working parts of the apparatus are carried by a frame, A, which may rest upon a bench, table, or other suitable support. In the upper portion of the frame is journaled a vertical roller, B, on which is wound the paper from which the tubes are made;

' The roller B turns loosely on a shaft, I), the upper end of which is screw-threaded, and carries a thumb-nut, b On the upper end of the roller rests a washer, b and between this washer and the thumb-nut is a spring, 12 By tightening or loosening-the thumb-nut the spring may be compressed or expanded, so as to increase or diminish the friction of the washer on the end of the roller, and by this B", to which shaft one of said rollers is fixed,

as before stated. I

The pinion I) is driven by a bevelgear wheel, D, at one end of a shaft, (1, journaled in the Lower part of the frame A. The other end of the shaft (1 carries aratchet-wheel, D driven by a spring-pawl, d carried by an arm, (1

having its lower end working loosely on the end of the shaft d. The arm 61 is connected by a rod, d, with a lever, 02", pivoted to the frame A, and provided with a spring, d, for

drawing it in a direction toward the rear of the frame. I

The main shaft S, before referred to, carries a cam or other suitable device for operating this lever, so as to impart motion to the ratchet through the pawl. As here shown, this device consists of an arm, 3, with a friction-roller at its end. At every revolution of the main shaft S the arm 8 forces the lever 01 toward the front of the machine, so as to cause the pawl d to turn the ratchet-wheel D a distance equal to the length of one tooth. As soon as the arm 8 has passed the lever 01 said lever is retracted by the spring (1.

The teeth of the gear b",bevel-whee1 D, and ratchetwheel D are of such numbers and arrangement with relation to each other that the movement of the ratchet-wheel a distance of one tooth causes the feed-rollers to feed a quantity of paper just sufficient for the forming of one tube.

In its passage to the tube-former the paper passes between shears, which cut it in pieces of the proper size for the tube. (See Fig. 5.) The shears consist of a stationary blade, 0, and a movable blade, 0 arranged so that their cutting-edges meet each other at a line directly between the feed-rollers and the tubeformer. The movable blade 0 has its upper end pivoted in the upper portion of the frame of the machine, and its lower end pivoted to one end of arod, O", at the'other end of which is a yoke, 0, provided with two friction-rollers, c 0 The main driving-shaft S passesthrough the yoke c, and carries two cams, 8 for engagement with the rollers c c on the yoke. The cam s strikes the roller 0 and forces the blade 0 in one direction to cut the paper, and the cam s strikes the roller 0 and separates the blades, to allow the paper to continue its passage between them.

The tube-former works in a cylindrical casin g, E, having both ends open, and having the upper end secured to the upper part ofthe frame A. In the casing E, on the side toward the feed-rollers, is a slot or opening extending the entire length or height of the cylinder, and from this slot extend two curved andv outwardly-flaring guide flanges or wings, a c.

The casing and flanges may be in three separate pieces, or they may be made in the manner shown in Fig. 5that is to say, by bending a piece of sheet metal midway of itsolengtll, in an inward direction to form the cylinder, and then bending the ends of the metaloutward to form the flanges or wings, with a space for the passage of the paper between the two angles where the wings are bent out-' ward from the cylinder.

As the paper is fed by the feed-rollers 13 it is guided by the wings a e and passesthrough the slot or opening into the cylinder E, where it is engaged by the tube-former and rolled into a tube.

The tube-former F is made of a piece of sheet metal bent inward, as though to form a cylinder, until its edges meet, and then turn farther inward toward theinterior surface of the metal, with a space between them for the reception of the end of the paper. The upper end of the former F is attached to a rod, j, which is angular in its cross-section, or has a rib or feather thereon, and is free to move up and down through a pinion, f (see particularly Figs. 1 and 2,) having its hearings in the top of the frame A. The pinion f is driven by a gear-wheel, f which receives an intermittent rotary motion, through a pinion, f and gear-wheel f from aratchet-wheel, Gr, actuated by a spring-pawl, g, carriedby an arm, 9 which works loosely on the shaft which carries said ratchet-wheel and said gearwheel f The arm is provided with a spring, 1 for drawing it in a direction toward the front of the machine. The arm is connected by.a rod, g*, with a lever, 9 which is pivoted about midway of its length to aportion of the frame A. On the main shaft S is a cam oran arm, 8 with a friction-roller atits end, which engages with the lower end of the lever 9 so as to pull the arm 9 toward the rear of the machine and cause the pawl g to turn the ratchet-wheel G a distance of one tooth. The teeth of this ratchet and of the gearing between it and the rod f are ofsuch number and arrangement with relation to etch oth(r that the movement of the ratchetwheel one toothgives two revolutions to therod f and tubeformer F.

The edge of the paper being engaged between the turned-in edges of the former F, the revolution of said former rolls the paper into a cylindrical tube, which, when filled with tobacco, constitutes the wrapper of the cigarette.

The lower bearings of the rollers B l? B, and of some other parts not yet described, arecarried by a plate, a, which is located about midway of the height of the frame A,

and forms a part thereof. As the paper is fed along by the rollers B its lower edge runs on .this plate a but the cylinder E and the former F, when at work, do not extend entirely down to said plate, and the consequence is that when the rolling of the paper by. theformer is completedthe lower .end. of the finished tube extends below the bottomofthe cylinder.

By this means provision is madeforheading the lowerend of thepaper tube, whichis done in the fbllowingmapner:

On one side of the cylinder E ispivoted. a

lever, H, the lower end of which is bent or curved inward toward the center-of the bottom of said cylinder, and the upperend of which is pressed by aspring, h, against the exterior surface of the cylinder, so. asv to hold the curved or hooked lower-end clear of the bottom, as shown in Fig. 3. On the opposite side of the cylinder is pivoted a similarlever, H provided with a similar spring, 7L

On the plate a is pivoted a lever, I, (see Figs. 1, 3, and 5,) which oscillatesin a horizontal plane. One arm of this lever presses against the curved lower arm of the lever H, and its other arm is pressed againstby one end of a sliding rod, J, the otherendofavhicl1 isconnected with the upper end of; a lever, is, having its lower end pivoted in the lower portion of the frame A.

Another sliding rod, J works in bearings near the rod'J, and carriestatone end a plate or arm, 1 which presses against the curved lower arm ofthe lever H while the otherend ofsaid rod J 2 is connected with the upper end of a lever, k arranged by the side of and in a similar m annerto the lever It.

On the main shaft S are two cams, s s, which engage with the upperportions of the levers'k 76?.- As the shaft S revolvesthe. cams 8 -8 bear against these levers and cause them to slide the rods J J? in their. bearings and through the lever I and plate or arm 1 to force the curvedlower ends of the levers 11 H inward toward the centerof the bottom of the cylinder E. First, the cam s" bears against the lever k so as to force the curved orhooked end of the lever H inward to engage with one side of the projecting lower portionof the paper tube, and bend or fold it inward. Then, as therevolutionof the shafts continues, the cam s bears against the lever is so as toforcc the hooked end of the lever H inward to engage with the other side of the paper, and

fold it so as to lap over the portion previously turned inward by the hooked lever H This closes the lowerendof the tube, and forms the first head thereof, and the tube is then ready for the filling and finishing processes,

" the details of which are as follows:

In the rear upper portion of the frame A is journaled a rock-shaft, L, to which is rigidly attached one end of a beam, L extending toward the front of the machine. The beam may consist of a single piece, or of two pieces, as shown. The shaft L is provided with springs H, which have a tendency to turn it in a direction to raise the beam L and it may, in addition, be provided with a counterbalanceweight for the same purpose.

The front end of the beam L connectswith. a cross-head, M, which slides on a guide-rod, m, projecting above the top of the frame A, and. secured to the upper and lower plates of said frame.

To the cross-head M are attached three rods, M M M of three different lengths, ex-

' tending downward and-serving as plungers,

for the purpose hereinafter described. To the cross-head M is also connected the upper portionof the rod j, which carries the tubeformer F. Said rod passes through a hole in said cross-head, and it is provided with an adjustable collar, f against which the crosshead bears as it descends, and a flattened head at the upper end, against which the cross-head bears as it rises.

To the beam L at a suitable point between the shaft L and the cross-head M, is connected the upper end of a pitman, P, the lower end of which is provided with a yoke carrying afriction roller, P. The main shaft S carries a cam, s", which engages with said yoke and friction-roller to pull the beam downward. As soon as said cam has passed the roller 1 the beam is raised by the action of the springs l and the counter-balance, before referred to.

The vertical rod m forms the axis of rotation for a revolving cylinder, N, which receives motion from the feed-roller shaft B through a gear-wheel, b on the lower end of said shaft, engaging with apinion, b on a shaft with another pinion, b", which meshes into a geanwheel, b attached to orformed on the lowerend of the cylinder N. In this revolving cylinder are a number of cylindrical chambers, n, open at both ends, and of the exact size required for the finished cigarette.

Above the cylinder N is the tobacco-box O,

the bottom of which communicates with three short tubes, 0 0 0 located so as to conduct the tobacco to the chambers a of the cylinder as said chambers are successively brought under said tubes by the rotation of the'cylinder.

In the tobacco-box works a sliding carrier, P, containing three chambers, p correspondin g in size with the short tubes just described, and so arranged with relation thereto that when the carriage is moved forward the three chambers will be immediately over the three tubes and over three of the chambers a of the cylinder N. Each of the chambers of the carrier is of only one-third the capacity of one of the chambers of the cylinder, so that each chamber n receives the tobacco in the paper tube carried by it, in three installments, from the three chambers 10 successively.

The three plunger-rods M M M before described, are located immediately over the three chambers of the carrier. Immediately under the three short tubes of the tobacco-box is a shaking device, consisting of a plate, Q, arranged to oscillate in a horizontal plane on a pivot, and provided with three short tubes, g

g (1 communicating with the tubes of the box O and with the chambers of the cylinder N.

The rear side or end wall of the tobacco-box is movable back and forth, and consists of a board or plate, 0', and the rear edge or end of the sliding carrier 1? is attached to said movable wall.

For imparting a reciprocating motionto said parts, the board or plate 0 is connected by a pitman, 0 with a lever, R, having its lower end pivoted near the bottom of theframe of the machine, and having in its upper portion a yoke, 1, provided with two friction-rollers, 1" T The main shaft S passes through the yoke 1', and carries a cam, s, for alternate engagement with the rollers 1" 4, so as to move the carrier P backward and rearward at every revolution of the shaft S.

In the tobacco-box is a vertical partition, 0", which extends downward to the top of the carrier 1?, and said carrier passes under said partition as it reciprocates, and is prevented thereby from carrying with it more than the three chambers full of tobacco.

For oscillating the shaking device, the plate Q is connected to one end of a rod, 1 which works in a sleeve, (1 andhas its other end arranged for engagement with a ratchet-cam, 8", carried by the main shaft S. The sleeve g is provided with a spring, g, which has a tendency to pull it rearward, while the faces of the cam 8" push it forward as they respectively engage with it.

To the front portion of the tobacco-box is attached a sleeve, t, inclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees, more or less. Inv this sleeve works a pin or rod, T, provided with a spring, 25, for holding it in place and pressing it upward. The rear or upper end of the pin T is connected, by a link, a, short lever a and connecting-rod W, with a lever, U, the upper end of which is pivoted in the upper part of the frame A. The main shaft S carries a cam, s, for engagement with this lever.

' At every revolution of the shaft the cam s presses the lever U forward so as to force the pin T downward, and as soon as the cam s has passed the lever U the spring t returns the parts to their former positions.

- The pin T constitutes the first of the devices for heading the upper end of the finished cigarette. f I f p The second devicc consists. of a plate, T secured to the plate a of the frame A by a screw or bolt, so that one end-will project over the with the cylinder, said projecting portion bein g bent upward toward the pin T The third device consists of a bar, T having its upper end hinged to the upper portion of the frame, so that it may swing outward, and provided with a spring, i for pulling it inward. Its lower end is slightly. bent or curved inward toward the vertical shaft m, and it is provided about midway of its length with an arm, t, which bears against the front of the carrier P, and is held against it by the spring t The bottom of the cylinder N rests upon a plate, (1 which forms part of the frame A. I11 this plate are two holes, of a diameter equal to or slightly greater than the chambers 11.. One of these holes is directly in line with the tubeformer F, and the other is diametrically opposite thereto, in the circle described by the cylinder N. In the last-mentioned hole a plug passes, for engagement with the chambers n successively; This plug V works in a sleeve, 1;, attached to the plate a and isprovided with a spring for holding it upward. Its lower end is connected by an elbow-lever. v and connecting-rod o with the lower end of the lever U, before described. As the cam s bears against the lever U the plugVis drawn downward; and when. saidlever is released by said cam the plug is forced upward by .its spring so as to enter the bottom of one of the chambers a as they successively reach it.

The motions and speed of the various parts with relation to each other and to the main driving-shaft are governed by the number of chambers in the cylinder N. The number here shown is eight, and the parts are geared and arranged to perform the proper motions in the proper times to correspond therewith.

The process of making the cigarette is as follows: The paper passes from the roller B between the feed-rollers B, the shear-blades 0 O and guide-wings c e to the tube-former F, where it is rolled into a tube to form the wrapper. The lower end is then headed by the levers H H The tube-former F is then depressed by the beam L and deposits the tube in a chamber, a, and immediately rises again to form another tube. As the cylinder revolves, the tube is carried. successively un-. der the three tubes 0 o 0 of the tobacco-box 0, from each of which it receives one-third of its complement of tobacco, which is tamped by the three plungers M M M successively. The shaker Q prevents clogging .of the to bacco as it descends. After receiving the last instalh'nent of tobacco and the last tamping from the plunger, it reaches the plug V, which pushes it upward so that the paper pro jects slightly above the top of the cylinder, As it passes the pin T said pin descends and folds down about one-third of the circumference of the tube. It then .passes .under the plate T, which folds down about another third.

It then passes in front of the bar T, which is pushed outward by the carrier I, and folds down the remaining third, so that it laps over the first and second folds. This completes the heading process, and the finished cigarette passes under the tube-former F, and is pushed out of the cylinder by said tube-former as it descends with a newly-formed tube.

It should be borne in mind that while one tube is going through the process above described other tubes are following it in the other chambers of the cylinder, and eventually and successively pass through the same process.

When the plug V rises in the chamber a and pushes up the filled cigarette, said plug at the same time arrests the cylinder N at the proper point to insure the discharge of the finished cigarette and the reception of another tube.

Having thus described my invention, Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The tube-former F, constructed as described. for receiving the paper and rolling it into a tube, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, in a cigarette-machine,

of the winged case E and former F, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in a cigarette-machine, ot the paper-roll B, feed-rollers B B and blades 0 G with the casing E, provided with wings e e, as and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination, with the tube-former F and its carrying-rod f, the gearing f f f f the spring-pawls g, ratchet-wheel G, arm 9 connecting'rod g andlever 1 of the arm 8, carried by the mainshaft S, for rotating the tube-former to roll the tube, substantially as herein described.

5. The combination, with the cylinder E and tube-former F, of the'pivoted spring-levers H H lever I, plate or arm I sliding rods J J levers It 70 and cams s 8', carried by the main shaft S, for forming the first head on the paper tube or wrapper, substantially as herein described.

6. The combination, with the tube-former F and its carrying-rod f, provided with the adjustable collar f of the cross-head M, operated by the rising and falling beam L carried by the rock-shaft L, for depositing the paper tube in the chamber of the cylinder N, substantially as herein described.

7. The combination, with the cylinderN and its chambers 02, of the tobacco-box O and its tubes 0 0 0 connected with cylinder for supplying the tobacco in installments, substair tially as herein described.

8. The combination, with the cylinder N and its chambers n, and the tobacco box O and its tubes connected with cylinder, of the reciprocating carrier P, provided with chambers for supplyingv the .tobacco, and operated by the yoked lever It. and the cam s on the main shaft S, substantially as herein described.

9. The combination, with the cylinder N and its chambers, and the tobacco-box O and its tubes, of the oscillating-plate Q and its tubes, the sliding rod qand its spring, and the ratchetcam 8 carried by the main shaft, for preventing the clogging of the tobacco, substantially as'shown and described.

10. The combination, with case E and tube F, in a cigarette-machine, of the depressible levers H H arranged as and for the purpose described.

11. The combination of the plungers M M M-", tubes 0 o 0 shaking plate Q, having tubes (1 q q, and the revolving cylinder, having chambers n, as and for the purpose specified.

12. The combination of revolving cylinders, having chambers a, the pusher V, and the reciproeating folding pin T, as and for the purpose described. I

13. The combination, with cylinder N, having tubes n, of swinging arm T operated by the spring 1?, and the carrier P, for completing the head, substantially as shown and described.

GEORGE E. HAYDEN.

Witnesses:

G. SEDGWICK, E. R. BROWN. 

